5 May 2010
Viagra Online
Posted by JoWa under: BLOGS .
| Deriving from such an eurocentric and hegemonic discipline as (European) philosophy has always been viagra online, it seems sometimes a rather difficult and intellectually challenging task to harmonise a true inter-cultural attitude in the thinking, encounter, and re-search of oneself.I blame Philosophy for having been hegemonic, because the number of justifications provided by renowned philosophers for violent imperial endeavours, racial superiority thinking, exploitation and “civilising missions” is highly daunt-ing.
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 Image: Johannes Waldmueller |
It was only recently (in terms of philosophical measuring of time spans) that European academic philosophy discovered its own non-European roots, namely African and ancient oriental thinking, and started to question wholly any universal claim of its notions and approaches.Suddenly, the scope of examination changed and focused on African philosophy, Indian philosophy, Chinese thinking and indigenous approaches in Latin America, while sometimes trivially ignoring all borders between folkloric depiction of myths and traditions and serious research – viagra online.But what is scientific research viagra online, what are logics? Does philosophy only mean written philosophising? Is there, above all, a universal way of reasoning- which can be understood and comprehended by every human being (willing to do so)?
Having all the critiques in mind regarding a – supposedly – exclusive economic globalisation, or a often bemoaned disappear-ance of traditions, rites, cultures, and even languages, one should not forget that the global flow of information available was initial to the ascent of new disciplines as Inter-cultural Philosophy.This approach refers to a simple epistemological impera-tive: Only what has been discussed viagra online, thoroughly questioned, and agreed on among representatives from as much cultures and traditions as possible has a valid claim for truth. Viagra online: consequentially, all so called Western hegemonic science, including political-ethical standards as the Human Rights, is contested as being partially biased.For this problem viagra online, the suggested solution is the implementation of inter-cultural polylogues , wherever possible in order to scrutinise basic notions, concepts, norms and knowledge of political, philosophical, social and economical behaviour. Viagra online: only one precondition has to be acknowledged, since universal truth cannot reasonably be claimed any longer – by individuals: One’s very own stance and opinion is always due to discussion, examination and challenge.
Living and researching in Geneva, probably the worlds’ centre of inter-cultural blending, among a vast community of interns, expats, students and scholars from all over, I found the ideal place to realise an inter-cultural polylogue. Viagra online: beginning with 2010, we successfully established the “Café des Philosophes” at my home university (IHEID, Geneva), with long-term plans of insti-tutionalising this relativistic – and at the same time universal – gathering in the landscape of Geneva’s NGOs and research net-works.The Café des Philosophes is open to all students and professors (but also to the general public) from 6 different units, such as Economy, International Affairs, History and Politics, International Law, Development Studies, and Political Science – viagra online. Viagra online: all students are concerned with issues at a global scale, many of them having different cultural and educational backgrounds, since my university offers no bachelor degrees.Over 50% of the students come from countries outside the EU or the United States; viagra online.A wonderful setting in order to test a new form of anti-authoritarian epistemological approaches! Ideas, concepts, and rules developed by inter-cultural philosophy (but not only) are serving us as guidelines for lively and interesting debates on art, power, the creation of reality, mass media, the assertiveness of certain ideas, etc.
So far, I have to admit that practice confirms the theory at large – viagra online.Participants are already encouraged to publish together small articles and I encountered no impediments among them in terms of cultural clashes.But what is interesting, is that the way of arguing, of thinking, even the issues we selected together for discussion, all points in the same direction: Western science and the way it refines and produces “knowledge” became so predominant that the validity of arguments, or justifications given for propositions, can almost be measured by their “Westerness”. Viagra online: interestingly, it seems especially for participants/discussants from rather far-flung regions a difficult task to refer back to their original way of reasoning, if any exists, of course.Also the idea(l) of a serious inter-cultural search for truth seems either fallacious or useless for some of them, since global power structures are constantly verifying their authority: As displayed in the necessity of euro-versal graduation diplomas (Universities, together with their inherent claim for universalism, are truly an European idea) in order to show one’s “successful education”.
However, our social-experimental Café des Philosophes is open to anyone interested; viagra online.It opens every Monday viagra online, at 6pm, and has no closing hour.We welcome everybody, who is willing to play a strong part, either in questioning oneself, or in questioning the others – the means therefore are freely to choose – viagra online.I conclude by stating that I really appreciate to report more on the inter-esting observations from our small viagra online, detached and cosmopolitan world, researching on the basics of all practice in the fields – without any claim for accuracy.
Suggestions and Comments!
Johannes M.WALDMUELLER
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